Undavalli Caves

A monolithic example of Indian rock-cut architecture, the Undavalli Caves are located in the city of Guntur, Andhra Pradesh. Carved out of solid sandstone on a hillside, these caves date back to the 4th to 5th centuries and are a paradise for history lovers. One of the preserved monuments of national importance, this attraction was originally the Jain caves and was later converted into a Hindu temple.

Regarded as one of the earliest examples of Gupta architecture, the Undavalli Caves leave one in amazement and awe because of their marvelous design. From the outside, it looks like rows of cells arranged in different positions which arouses curiosity. There are three levels in the cave. The lower level resembles the Jain abode with many chambers and Thirthankara Sculptures. The second level has the statue of a reclining God whose identity cannot be found. However, the locale believes the statue is of Lord Vishnu.

The sculptures of lions and elephants on the walls add to the beauty of the attraction. When you reach the top of the cave, you get a breathtaking view of the lush green surroundings and hills. You can also see the Krishna River flowing behind the caves. Tourists can even take a boat ride on the river to enjoy the natural beauty. A perfect blend of architectural marvel and historical significance, you should add Undavalli Caves to your bucket list because it will swoon you with its charm and grandeur.

History of Undavalli Caves

These four-storey caves are said to be found in the 7th century. They are associated with the Vishnukundin Kings of AD 420- AD 620. These exotic caves of Undavalli were dedicated to the Anantapadmanabha and Narisimhaswami. As per the historical evidence, Madhava Reddy, who ruled this region as the subordinate under the Reddies of Kondaveedu, gifted the caves to the temple of Anantha Swamy.

It is also believed that these caves were used by the Buddhist monks as the rest houses. Undavalli Caves show that many Buddhist stupas were converted into Hindu temples. It was initially a Jain cave with the architecture of Udayagiri and Khandgiri. The first floor still retains the Jain style.

Architecture of Undavalli Caves

The caves of Undavalli provide the finest example of the rock-cut architecture of the Buddhists in India. The caves are 29 meters long and 16 meters wide. Each floor has different heights. The first floor is a low-pillared hall with eight pillars and seven door openings. The first story has shrines dedicated to Trimurti- Shiva, Vishnu, and Brahma, each with a pillared hall in the front.

The walls on the first floor are adorned with frescoes depicting scenes from mythological stories. The second story has a rectangular pillared hall with a shrine of Lord Vishnu. This statue is a major attraction as it is made out of a single granite block. On the walls, sculptures from the Chalukyan period and of Vaishnava deities can be seen. The most striking feature of the Undavalli cave is the 5 meters long statue of the Lord Buddha in the reclining position.